TP53 Genetic Test Test
A TP53 genetic test looks for changes in the TP53 gene, which helps control cell growth. Changes can be acquired (from things like smoking or aging) or inherited (passed from parents). The test helps guide cancer treatment or check for Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a condition that raises cancer risk.
What this test measures
A TP53 genetic test uses a sample of your blood, bone marrow, or tissue from a tumor to look for changes in the tumor protein 53 gene (TP53). TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that helps prevent or slow the growth of cells that may become tumors.
What your results mean
Reference ranges vary by laboratory and by your age and sex. MedlinePlus does not publish a single normal range for this test — always read your result against the range printed on your own lab report and discuss it with your provider.
Frequently asked questions
What is a TP53 genetic test?
It is a test that looks for changes in the TP53 gene using a sample of your blood, bone marrow, or tumor tissue.
What does the TP53 gene do?
TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that provides instructions for making proteins that help prevent or slow the growth of cells that may become tumors.
What is the difference between acquired and inherited TP53 changes?
Acquired changes develop after birth and are not passed down; they are common in adult cancers. Inherited changes are present at birth in all cells and can be passed from parent to child.
What does it mean if I have an inherited TP53 change?
It means you have Li-Fraumeni syndrome, which increases your risk of developing certain cancers, but it does not mean you have cancer.
How is the test used for people with cancer?
If you have cancer and a TP53 gene change, your provider may prioritize some treatments over others that wouldn't work on cancers without this change.
Related lab tests
Sources
- MedlinePlus: TP53 Genetic Test — NIH MedlinePlus
Last updated . Information is aggregated from official public sources and is not a substitute for professional medical care.