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Pap Smear Test

A Pap smear screens for cervical cancer by checking for abnormal cells on the cervix. Finding and treating these cells early can help prevent cancer.

What this test measures

A Pap smear looks for abnormal changes in cervical cells that may become cancer. It may also check for HPV, which causes almost all cervical cancers.

What your results mean

Reference ranges vary by laboratory and by your age and sex. MedlinePlus does not publish a single normal range for this test — always read your result against the range printed on your own lab report and discuss it with your provider.

Higher-than-normal results

An abnormal or 'positive' result usually means abnormal changes were found in cervical cells. Most of the time, this does not mean you have cervical cancer. Minor changes often return to normal on their own, but more serious changes may turn into cancer if not treated.

Frequently asked questions

What does a normal Pap smear result mean?

A normal or 'negative' result usually means no abnormal changes were found in your cervix cells. Your provider may tell you to wait three years for your next test.

What does an abnormal Pap smear result mean?

An abnormal or 'positive' result usually means abnormal changes were found. Most of the time, it does not mean you have cervical cancer. Minor changes often go back to normal on their own.

Can a Pap smear detect HPV?

Sometimes the cells collected during a Pap smear are also checked for HPV. HPV causes almost all cervical cancers.

What happens if my Pap smear results are unclear?

Unclear results may mean your cells look abnormal, but it's unclear if it's due to HPV, pregnancy, menopause, or an infection. An HPV test may help clarify.

Does a Pap smear diagnose cancer?

No, a Pap smear does not diagnose cancer. If results are concerning, your provider may perform a colposcopy to look more closely at your cervix.

Related lab tests

Sources

Last updated . Information is aggregated from official public sources and is not a substitute for professional medical care.