MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) Test

An MCV blood test measures the average size of your red blood cells. It helps diagnose types of anemia and other blood disorders.

What this test measures

MCV stands for mean corpuscular volume. This test measures the average size of your red blood cells, which carry oxygen to your body's cells.

What your results mean

Reference ranges vary by laboratory and by your age and sex. MedlinePlus does not publish a single normal range for this test — always read your result against the range printed on your own lab report and discuss it with your provider.

Higher-than-normal results

If your results show that your red blood cells are larger than normal, it may be a sign of pernicious anemia (possibly from lack of vitamin B12 or diseases affecting B12 use), anemia caused by lack of folic acid, or liver disease.

Lower-than-normal results

If your results show that your red blood cells are smaller than normal, it may be a sign of certain types of anemia, including iron deficiency anemia or thalassemia.

Frequently asked questions

What does MCV stand for?

MCV stands for mean corpuscular volume.

What does an MCV test measure?

It measures the average size of your red blood cells.

Is MCV part of a larger test?

Yes, an MCV blood test is often part of a complete blood count (CBC).

Can MCV alone diagnose a disease?

No, an MCV test alone cannot diagnose any disease. Your provider will use it with other tests and your medical history.

What does it mean if my MCV is normal but I have anemia?

Anemia with normal MCV may be caused by sudden blood loss, kidney failure, or aplastic anemia.

Sources

MedlinePlus: MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) — NIH MedlinePlus

Last updated July 7, 2026. Information is aggregated from official public sources and is not a substitute for professional medical care.