Herpes (HSV) Test Test
A herpes test checks for signs of the herpes simplex virus (HSV), which causes cold sores or genital herpes. The test can use fluid from a sore or a blood sample to look for the virus or antibodies.
What this test measures
A herpes test looks for signs of the herpes simplex virus (HSV), either by detecting the virus itself in fluid from a sore or by finding HSV antibodies in a blood sample.
What your results mean
Reference ranges vary by laboratory and by your age and sex. MedlinePlus does not publish a single normal range for this test — always read your result against the range printed on your own lab report and discuss it with your provider.
Higher-than-normal results
A positive/abnormal result means signs of HSV were found in your sample. If a blood test showed HSV antibodies, it could mean you have an active infection now or had one in the past.
Lower-than-normal results
A negative/normal result means signs of HSV were not found, and you are unlikely to have an HSV infection. However, a blood test taken too soon after infection may be negative even if you have the virus.
Frequently asked questions
What does a herpes test look for?
A herpes test looks for signs of the herpes simplex virus (HSV), either by detecting the virus itself in fluid from a sore or by finding HSV antibodies in a blood sample.
How is a herpes test done?
If you have sores, your provider will collect fluid from a sore using a swab. If you have no sores, your provider will take a blood sample to look for HSV antibodies.
What is the difference between HSV-1 and HSV-2?
HSV-1 usually causes oral herpes (cold sores), while HSV-2 is the most common cause of genital herpes. However, both types can infect the mouth or genitals.
Can a herpes test be wrong?
Yes. A blood test taken too soon after infection may be negative even if you have the virus, because your body takes up to three months to make HSV antibodies.
What should I do if I test positive for herpes?
Treatment can help reduce outbreaks and control symptoms. Also, having HSV may increase your risk of getting HIV and other STIs, so talk with your provider about HIV testing and how to avoid spreading HSV to others.
Related lab tests
Sources
- MedlinePlus: Herpes (HSV) Test — NIH MedlinePlus
Last updated . Information is aggregated from official public sources and is not a substitute for professional medical care.