BRCA Genetic Test Test
A BRCA genetic test looks for harmful changes in your BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes that increase your risk for certain cancers, including breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancer.
What this test measures
The test uses a sample of blood, saliva, or cells from inside your cheek to check for changes in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. These genes normally help prevent or slow tumor growth, but harmful changes can stop them from working properly.
What your results mean
Reference ranges vary by laboratory and by your age and sex. MedlinePlus does not publish a single normal range for this test — always read your result against the range printed on your own lab report and discuss it with your provider.
Higher-than-normal results
A positive result means you have a harmful gene variant that is known to increase the risk of certain cancers. However, the test cannot tell whether you will develop cancer.
Frequently asked questions
What does BRCA stand for?
BRCA is short for 'breast cancer gene.'
What sample is used for the test?
The test uses a sample of your blood, saliva, or cells from inside your cheek.
What does a negative result mean?
A negative result means the test didn't find any harmful changes in your BRCA genes. How this affects your cancer risk depends on your personal and family health history.
What does an uncertain result mean?
An uncertain result, also called a 'variant of uncertain significance (VUS),' means a variant was found but researchers don't know whether it causes cancer.
Does a positive result mean I will get cancer?
No. A positive result means you have a harmful gene variant that increases your risk, but the test cannot tell whether you will develop cancer.
Related lab tests
Sources
- MedlinePlus: BRCA Genetic Test — NIH MedlinePlus
Last updated . Information is aggregated from official public sources and is not a substitute for professional medical care.